論文題目：星期制在晚清上海的傳播與實踐——以新式學校為例

專業：中國史

碩士生：肖雨佳

指導教師：吳義雄教授

中文提要：

星期制是當今社會人們習以為常並自覺遵守的時間制度。其重要價值在於，通過區分工作和休息時間，形成一種迴圈式的時間節奏。但在近代中國，星期制在中外交往的背景下進入中國社會，國人對星期制的接受，實際歷經了一個長期且複雜的過程。

本文運用社會文化史的方法，對晚清時期國人所創立之滬埠新式學校的星期制進行了考察。在晚清語境中，“星期”具有二元性內涵，同時包括七日為單位的紀日制度和“七日一休息”的作息節律。文章首先追溯“星期”詞義之變化及中西時間傳統，論述星期制在滬埠社會傳播的情形，進而為國人新辦學校接納該時間制度提供背景性說明。其後，通過歷時性分析，本文試圖呈現自洋務運動至辛亥革命期間，星期制在國人創辦新式學校的實踐情況。1863至1901年間，新式學校在維持本土時間觀念的同時，與外來時間模式進行初步調適，並以特定路徑與學校場域外的社會產生互動；至清末學制改革時期，滬地新式學校遵照章程規定，教學和休息時間均以星期節律為准，不僅規範了教學時間的標準化編排，更通過“星期休息”重構師生課餘生活節奏。

通過本文討論可知，在晚清上海的新式學校中，因外來教育模式和知識傳入的影響，國人辦學者基本採納星期制度，並在時間安排上總體趨於精細化。由此產生的影響是，教習和學生的作息節奏乃至學習生活正集體走向同步化。這為晚清上海教育轉型問題提供側面印證，也為觀察近代上海時間制度和觀念變遷提供了微觀視角。

英文提要：

The seven-day week system, now a taken-for-granted temporal regime in modern society, derives its significance from structuring cyclical rhythms through the division of work and rest. However, in modern China, the week system was gradually known with interaction between Chinese and Western culture, and it is a long and complicated process to be accepted by Chinese common people.

Employing a horticulturalist historical approach, this study examines how the week system was adopted in new-style schools for Chinese in late Qing Shanghai. The concept of "Xingqi" (week) in late Qing dynasty carried two different meanings, the seven-day calendrical framework and the "Sunday off" rhythm. The study first traces the concept of "Xingqi" and the Sino-Western time traditions, then analyzes the dissemination of the weekly system in Shanghai's urban society, providing contextual background for explaining why Chinese educators adopted this temporal framework in newly established schools. In terms of chronology, the study then traces the practice of the week system in Chinese new-style schools from the Self-Strengthening Movement to the Xinhai Revolution. Between 1863 and 1901, the new-style schools maintained indigenous temporal frameworks while adapting to foreign temporal models, developing specific pathways of interaction with society. During the educational system reforms, Shanghai's new-style schools made their academic schedules based on official regulations, both in instructional and rest with the weekly rhythm. This not only standardized the organization of academic time but also restructured the temporal patterns of teachers' and students' extracurricular lives through "weekly rest days".

The observations made in this study suggest that, influenced by the foreign educational system and knowledge in the late Qing period, the Chinese new-style schools in Shanghai fundamentally adopted the weekly schedule. Their increasingly refined temporal arrangements witnessed the collective synchronization of teachers' and students' daily rhythms and academic lives. These findings not only provide supplementary evidence for understanding Shanghai's educational transformation, but also offer a microhistorical perspective for observing the evolution of temporal regimes and conceptions in modern Shanghai.